The basic idea behind a PID controller is to read a sensor, then compute the desired actuator output by calculating proportional, integral, and derivative responses and summing those three components to compute the output and it is used to control loop feedback mechanism to control process variables and are the most accurate and stable controller.
Battery is given as input and Batteries are a collection of one or more cells whose chemical reactions create a flow of electrons in a circuit.
Load is given as output. At the specified frequency, the load exhibits constant impedance.
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